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                <h2 id="知识储备"><a href="#知识储备" class="headerlink" title="知识储备"></a>知识储备</h2><h3 id="fstream三个类"><a href="#fstream三个类" class="headerlink" title="fstream三个类"></a>fstream三个类</h3><p>fstream提供了三个类，用来实现c++对文件的操作（文件的创建、读、写）</p>
<ul>
<li>ifstream - 从已有的文件读入</li>
<li>ofstream - 向文件写内容</li>
<li>fstream  - 打开文件供读写</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="文件打开模式"><a href="#文件打开模式" class="headerlink" title="文件打开模式"></a>文件打开模式</h3><ul>
<li>ios::in  只读</li>
<li>ios::out 只写</li>
<li>ios::app   从文件末尾开始写，防止丢失文件中原来就有的内容</li>
<li>ios::binary 二进制模式</li>
<li>ios::nocreate  打开一个文件时，如果文件不存在，不创建文件</li>
<li>ios::noreplace 打开一个文件，如果文件不存在，创建该文件</li>
<li>ios::trunc     打开一个文件，然后清空内容</li>
<li>ios::ate       打开一个文件时，将位置移动到文件尾</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="文件指针位置在c-中的用法"><a href="#文件指针位置在c-中的用法" class="headerlink" title="文件指针位置在c++中的用法"></a>文件指针位置在c++中的用法</h3><ul>
<li>ios::beg 文件头</li>
<li>ios::end 文件尾</li>
<li>ios::cur 当前位置</li>
</ul>
<pre class=" language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp">file<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">seekg</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>ios<span class="token operator">::</span>beg<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>   <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//让文件指针定位到文件开头 </span>
file<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">seekg</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>ios<span class="token operator">::</span>end<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>   <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//让文件指针定位到文件末尾 </span>
file<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">seekg</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>ios<span class="token operator">::</span>cur<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>   <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//让文件指针从当前位置向文件末方向移动10个字节 </span>
file<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">seekg</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>ios<span class="token operator">::</span>cur<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>   <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//让文件指针从当前位置向文件开始方向移动10个字节 </span>
file<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">seekg</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>ios<span class="token operator">::</span>beg<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>   <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//让文件指针定位到离文件开头10个字节的位置</span></code></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>注意：移动的单位是字节，而不是行</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="常见的错误判断方法"><a href="#常见的错误判断方法" class="headerlink" title="常见的错误判断方法"></a>常见的错误判断方法</h3><ul>
<li>good() 如果文件打开成功</li>
<li>bad() 打开文件时发生错误</li>
<li>eof() 到达文件尾</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="代码"><a href="#代码" class="headerlink" title="代码"></a>代码</h2><h3 id="例子一"><a href="#例子一" class="headerlink" title="例子一"></a>例子一</h3><p>读取hello.txt文件中的字符串，写入out.txt中</p>
<pre class=" language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp"><span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;vector></span></span>
<span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;string></span></span>
<span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;fstream></span></span>
<span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;iostream></span></span>

<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    ifstream <span class="token function">myfile</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"D:\\hello.txt"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> 
    ofstream <span class="token function">outfile</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"D:\\out.txt"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>ios<span class="token operator">::</span>app<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    string temp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>myfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token string">"未成功打开文件"</span><span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">while</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">getline</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>myfile<span class="token punctuation">,</span>temp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        outfile<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>temp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        outfile<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    myfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">close</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    outfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">close</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> </code></pre>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/bigzcoder/PicBed/img/20210302150429.png" alt="hello.txt"></p>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/bigzcoder/PicBed/img/20210302150503.png" alt="out.txt"></p>
<h3 id="例子二"><a href="#例子二" class="headerlink" title="例子二"></a>例子二</h3><p>例子一代码读取的是string类型的数据，那么对于int类型数据怎么办呢？</p>
<pre class=" language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp"><span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;iostream></span></span>
<span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;string></span></span>
<span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;vector></span></span>
<span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;fstream></span> </span><span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// 文件流函数</span>

<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">int</span> cost<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">int</span> v<span class="token punctuation">,</span>w<span class="token punctuation">,</span>weight<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    ifstream infile<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// 输入流</span>
    ofstream outfile<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// 输出流</span>

    infile<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"D:\\data.txt"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>infile<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token string">"Open file failure"</span><span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">while</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>infile<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">eof</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        infile<span class="token operator">>></span>v<span class="token operator">>></span>w<span class="token operator">>></span>weight<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        cost<span class="token punctuation">[</span>v<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>w<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">=</span>weight<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        cost<span class="token punctuation">[</span>w<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>v<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">=</span>weight<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// 从文件读取到v、w、weight变量 </span>
    infile<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">close</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">for</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> j<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> j<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> j<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            cout<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>cost<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token string">" "</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        cout<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// 输出矩阵 </span>

    outfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"D:\\result.txt"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>ios<span class="token operator">::</span>app<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>outfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token string">"Open file failure"</span><span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token operator">++</span>i<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> j <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> j <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token operator">++</span>j<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            outfile <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> i <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">"\t"</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> j <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="token string">"\t"</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> cost<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>  <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">//在result.txt中写入结果</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// 输出到result.txt文件 </span>


    outfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">close</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span></code></pre>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/bigzcoder/PicBed/img/20210302155931.png" alt="data.txt"></p>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/bigzcoder/PicBed/img/20210302160033.png" alt="输出矩阵"></p>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/bigzcoder/PicBed/img/20210302160104.png" alt="result.txt"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>result.txt没有完整截图，数据太多所以省略掉了</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="例子三"><a href="#例子三" class="headerlink" title="例子三"></a>例子三</h3><p>混合类型怎么办呢？</p>
<pre class=" language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp"><span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;iostream></span></span>
<span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;fstream></span></span>

<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">int</span> i<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">double</span> x<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">char</span> a<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>b<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    ofstream <span class="token function">os1</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"D:\\hello1.txt"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token function">os2</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"D:\\hello2.txt"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// 新建os1、os2对象 </span>

    os1<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token string">"shang hai 123"</span><span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    os2<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token number">99.12</span><span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token string">"jiao_tong"</span><span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span> 
    <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// os1 os2向文件输入数据 </span>

    os1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">close</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    os2<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">close</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// 关闭os1和os2的流 </span>

    ifstream <span class="token function">is1</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"D:\\hello1.txt"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>is1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token string">"hello1.txt没有打开"</span><span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    is1<span class="token operator">>></span>a<span class="token operator">>></span>b<span class="token operator">>></span>i<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    cout<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>a<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token string">" "</span><span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>b<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token string">" "</span><span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>i<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    is1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">close</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// 读hello1</span>

    is1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"D:\\hello2.txt"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>is1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token string">"hello1.txt没有打开"</span><span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    is1<span class="token operator">>></span>x<span class="token operator">>></span>a<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    cout<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>x<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token string">" "</span><span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>a<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    is1<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">close</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// 读hello2</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span></code></pre>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/bigzcoder/PicBed/img/20210302171117.png" alt=""></p>
<h2 id="补充-string流"><a href="#补充-string流" class="headerlink" title="补充 string流"></a>补充 string流</h2><p>string头文件定义了三个类型来支持IO</p>
<ul>
<li>istringstream向string读取数据</li>
<li>ostringstream向string写数据</li>
<li>stringstream既可以读取数据也可向string写数据，就像string是一个IO流一样。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="istringstream的用法"><a href="#istringstream的用法" class="headerlink" title="istringstream的用法"></a>istringstream的用法</h3><pre class=" language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp"><span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;string></span></span>
<span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;sstream></span> </span><span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// 使用istringstream所需要的头文件</span>
<span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;iostream></span></span>

<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    string str<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"Hello World I am Lee"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    istringstream <span class="token function">is</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>str<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment" spellcheck="true">// 将is绑定到str</span>
    string s<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">while</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is<span class="token operator">>></span>s<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        cout<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>s<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> 
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> </code></pre>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/bigzcoder/PicBed/img/20210302172051.png" alt="运行结果"></p>
<p>这相当于把一个句子拆分成单词，联系到前文提到的从文件中读取string的方法，如果读取到的string对象为一个句子，包含很多单词，那么我们就可以运用这种方法把string对象拆分开来。</p>
<h3 id="ostringstream的用法"><a href="#ostringstream的用法" class="headerlink" title="ostringstream的用法"></a>ostringstream的用法</h3><p>ostringstream同样是由一个string对象构造而来，ostringstream类向一个string插入字符。 </p>
<pre class=" language-cpp"><code class="language-cpp"><span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;string></span></span>
<span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;sstream></span></span>
<span class="token macro property">#<span class="token directive keyword">include</span><span class="token string">&lt;iostream></span></span>

<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> std<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    ostringstream ostr<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    ostr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">put</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'d'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    ostr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">put</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'e'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    ostr<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="token string">"fg"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    string gstr<span class="token operator">=</span>ostr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    cout<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>gstr<span class="token operator">&lt;&lt;</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> </code></pre>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/bigzcoder/PicBed/img/20210302173125.png" alt="运行结果"></p>
<p>在上例代码中，我们通过put()或者左移操作符可以不断向ostr插入单个字符或者是字符串，通过str()函数返回增长过后的完整字符串数据，但值 得注意的一点是，当构造的时候对象内已经存在字符串数据的时候，那么增长操作的时候不会从结尾开始增加,而是修改原有数据,超出的部分增长。</p>
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